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Suffix -ing -es -ed in English

-ING

IDEnd withRulesFor example (e.g.)
1eEnd in 'e' - drop the 'e' then add 'ing'live > living
drive > driving
joke > joking
2ieEnd in 'ie':
- i > y
- drop the 'e' then add 'ing'		lie > lying
die > dying
3ee, oe, yeJust add 'ing'see > seeing, agree > agreeing
tiptoe > tiptoeing
dye > dyeing
4w, x, yJust add 'ing'bow /baʊ/ > bowing
fix /fiks/ > fixing
say /seɪ/ > saying
5vowel + consonant1. (End in vowel-consonant) + One-syllable word
2. (End in vowel + consonant ) + stress (final syllable)

> x2 final cosonant + _ing		1.
put > putting
sit > sitting
cut > cutting
run > running

2.
beginning
6cAdd a -k + -ingmimic /ˈmɪm.ɪk/ > mimicking
7consonant + vowel + -l[en] double -l + -ing
[us] just add -ing		travel > travelling [en] - traveling [us]
8othersJust add 'ing'rain > raining



-ED


IDEnd withRulesFor example (e.g.)
1eEnd in 'e' - just add 'd'live > lived
agree > agreed
like > liked
escape > escaped
2vowel + consonantIf a verb ends in a vowel and a consonant, the consonant is usually doubled then add 'ed'stop > stopped
plan > planned
fit > fitted
rag > ragged
3consonant + yIf a verb ends in consonant and 'y', you take off the 'y' and add 'ied'try > tried
carry > carried
study > studied
4vowel + yif the word ends in a vowel and 'y', you add 'ed'play > played
enjoy > enjoyed
5othersJust add 'ed'watch > watched
6and.. irregular verbseat > ate
go > went
...



-S/ES



IDEnd withRulesFor example (e.g.)
1have, do, go, beHave, go, do and be are irregularhave > has
do > does
go > goes
be > is
2-ch, -ss, -sh, -x or -zzadd 'es'watch > watches
miss > misses
wash > washes
mix > mixes
buzz > buzzes
3consonant + yWhen the verb ends in a consonant + -y we change y to i and add -estry > tries
carry > carries
study > studies
hurry > hurries
4vowel + yWhen the verb ends in a vowel + -y we just add -splay > plays
enjoy > enjoys
pay > pays
5othersJust add 's'come > comes
travel > travels
eat > eats
record > records
6and.. (not common)Ends in -s or -z we double the -s or -z and add -esquiz > quizzes
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